Module  9.3 - The Cardiovascular System: The Blood Vessels 

Module 9.3 Warm-Up 

- Directions: 

- The vessels of the cardiovascular system are integrated within almost every single structure, organ, and organ system within the body for obvious reasons. This year, we won't be going into depth on the interaction will all systems so for this warm-up you will examine a specific example of interaction between the circulatory vessels and one other body system. 

- Urinary system (Kidneys) 

- Lymphatic system 

- The liver

- The Spleen 

- Directions: Pick one of the systems or organs from the list below and complete the following tasks: 

1) Give a general description of how your choice relies heavily on blood vessels. 

2) Draw a diagram that show a microscopic interaction between blood vessels and the structures that interact within whatever you picked from the list. Include labels in this diagram as well as any other information that explains how materials are exchanged between blood and organ. (you may to do some outside research!)

3) Finally, describe a homeostatic imbalance associated with your organ or organ system and how the cardiovascular system is involved. 

-EXAMPLE: See the diagram below to see a very basic version of the diagram required. This example shows the microscopic interaction between the small intestine and the blood vessels found there. 

Essential Vocab: 

arteries, veins, lumen, tunica intima, endothelium, tunica media, vascoconstriction, vascodialation, tunica externa, tunica vasorum, conductin arteries, muscular distributing arteries, arterioles, capillaries, continuous capillaries, intercellular celfts, fenestrated capillaries, sinusoids, hepatic macrophages, capillary beds, microcirculation, terminal arteriole, metarteriole, venules, venous valves, vascular anatomoses, arterial anatomoses, collateral channels, blood flow, blood pressure, peripheral resistance, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, pulse pressure, mean atrial pressure (MAP), respiratory pump, muscular pump, vasomotor center, cardiovascular center, vasomotor fibers, vasomotor tone, aortic reflex, vital signs, pressure points, pulse, auscultatory method, hypotension, hypertension, tissue perfusion, autoregulation, myogenic responses, hyperemia, capillary hydrostatic pressure, interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure, colloid osmotic pressure, circulatory shock, vascular shock, internal carotid artery, external carotid artery, common carotid artery, vertebral artery, subclavian artery, brachiocephalic trunk, aortic branch, ascending aorta, coronary artery, celiac aorta, abdominal aorta, superior mesenteric artery, renal artery, gonadal artery, inferior mesenteric artery, common iliac artery, internal iliac artery, subclavian artery, axillary artery, brachial artery, radial artery, ulnar artery, deep palmar arch, digital arteries, external iliac artery, femoral artery, popliteal artery, anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery, arcuate artery, dural venous sinuses, external jugular vein, vertebral vein, internal jugular vein, right and left brachiocephalic veins, superior vena cava, great cardiac vein, hepatic veins, splenic veins, hepatic portal veins, renal veins, superior mesenteric vein, inferior mesenteric vein, inferior vena cava, common iliac vein, internal iliac vein, subclavian vein, axillary vein, cephalic vein, brachial vein, basilica vein, median cubital vein, ulnar vein, radial vein, digital veins, external liliac vein, femoral vein, great saphenous vein, posterior tibial vein, anterior tibial vein, small saphenous vein, dorsal venous arc, dorsal metatarsal veins 

Module Objectives: 

Part 1: Overview of Blood Vessel Structure and Function

Structure of Blood Vessel Walls

   1.  Describe the three layers that typically form the wall of a blood vessel, and state the function of each.

   2.  Define vasoconstriction and vasodilation.

Arterial System

   3.  Compare and contrast the structure and function of the three types of arteries.

Capillaries

   4.  Describe the structure and function of a capillary bed.

Venous System

   5.  Describe the structure and function of veins, and explain how veins differ from arteries.

Part 2: Physiology of Circulation

Introduction to Blood Flow, Blood Pressure, and Resistance

   6.  Define blood flow, blood pressure, and resistance, and explain the relationships between these factors.

Systemic Blood Pressure

   7.  List and explain the factors that influence blood pressure, and describe how blood pressure is regulated.

   8.  Define hypertension. Describe its manifestations and consequences.

Blood Flow Through Body Tissues: Tissue Perfusion

   9.  Explain how blood flow is regulated in the body in general and in its specific organs.

10.  Outline factors involved in capillary dynamics, and explain the significance of each.

11.  Define circulatory shock. List several possible causes.

Part 3: Circulatory Pathways: Blood Vessels of the Body

The Two Main Circulations of the Body

12.  Trace the pathway of blood through the pulmonary circuit, and state the importance of this special circulation.

13.  Describe the general functions of the systemic circuit.

Principal Vessels of the Systemic Circulation

14.  Name and give the location of the major arteries and veins in the systemic circulation.

15.  Describe the structure and special function of the hepatic portal system.

Developmental Aspects of Blood Vessels

16.  Explain how blood vessels develop in the fetus.

17.  Provide examples of changes that often occur in blood vessels as a person ages.